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1xRTT – 1x
Radio Transmission Technology: A way to describe one version of the CDMA mobile
communications system. 1xRTT CDMA is considered a 2.5G standard, allows typical
transmission speeds of 60 to 100 Kbps. The next version of CDMA, EV-DO, allows
speeds of 300 to 700 Kbps.
2.5G –
Many people use the term 2.5G to refer to communications standards that provide
more bandwidth for data-intensive applications, but that are still not
"true" 3G. 2.5G standards such as CDMA2000 1x, GPRS, and EDGE allow
faster Web browsing and downloads than 2G standards (the original digital
communications standards), but are not as capable as 3G standards.
3G -
3G is a general term to describe the third generation of mobile phone standards
and technology, superseding earlier digital networks that were called 2G and
2.5G. 3G technologies enable network operators to offer a wider range of more
advanced services while achieving greater network capacity. Services include
wide-area wireless voice telephony and broadband wireless data. Unlike earlier
technologies, 3G standards allow simultaneous voice and data connections.
4G –
A way to refer to fourth-generation wireless communications, the broadband
mobile standards that will supersede 3G. While there is neither a concrete
definition of 4G, nor any agreement among mobile operators or manufacturers about
what it is, most analysts expect that end-to-end IP and high-quality streaming
video will be among 4G's distinguishing features. 4G network standards will
likely include WiMAX and WiFi.
AGPS –
Assisted GPS, or A-GPS: An enhanced-performance mobile location system designed
to address some of the weaknesses of GPS, the satellite-based positioning system.
Because it requires an unobstructed view of at least three satellites,
conventional GPS has difficulty providing reliable positions in poor signal
conditions or when surrounded by tall buildings. By relying on an
"assistance server," A-GPS can use nearby cellular network towers to
find the position of a device. A-GPS can use cell-tower location either alone
or in conjunction with GPS satellite information.
CDMA –
In the mobile world, CDMA is usually meant to refer to CDMA2000, a family of mobile
telecommunications standards that use a multiple access scheme for digital
radio to send voice, data, and signaling data (such as a dialed telephone
number) between mobile phones and cell sites. CDMA allows many simultaneous
transmitters on a single frequency channel, and offers a significant economic
advantage. 1xRTT CDMA
is considered a 2.5G technology, while EV-DO, the next evolution of CDMA, is 3G.
EDGE –Enhanced
Data rate for GSM Evolution: EDGE improves on the "packet" data
system introduced by GPRS. EDGE is considered a 2.5G mobile communications
standard, offering higher data rates than the first 2G GMS systems, but lower
speeds than "true" 3G systems such as UMTS. EDGE transmission speeds
average from 100 to 130 Kbps.
EV-DO
– Evolution-Data Optimized transmission: An evolution of the CDMA standard,
EV-DO (or EVDO) is designed to offer broadband-like Web browsing and e-mail,
and to enable simultaneous voice and data connections. EV-DO Rev 0 is considered
a true 3G standard, with typical download speeds of 300 to 700 Kbps. EV-DO Rev
A and the upcoming Rev B standards offer even faster data rates (up to 800 Kbps and higher) that are
capable of delivering video and other high-bandwidth content.
GPRS –
General Packet Radio Services: GPRS is an extension of the GSM family of mobile
communications network standards. Considered a 2.5G technology, GPRS uses data
"packets" to improve on the transmission speeds of GSM, offering from
40 to 50 Kbps.
GPS – Global Positioning System: A network of specialized satellites
designed by the U.S. military. Many people use the abbreviation to refer to a
device's ability to use receive signals from those satellites ("My Windows
Mobile phone has built-in GPS.") In any case, GPS enables phones and other
mobile devices equipped with the right hardware and software to determine positioning
information based on signals they receive from the GPS satellites. GPS
receivers require a clear view of at least three of the satellites for accurate
positioning – a drawback that spurred the development of AGPS and other
enhanced technologies.
GSM – Global
System for Mobile communications: GSM is the most popular family of mobile
network standards in the world. Most prevalent in Europe, Asia, and other parts
of the world, GSM systems include GPRS, EDGE, WCDMA or UMTS, and HSDPA. GSM
transmission speeds can range from less than 40 Kbps (for the first version of
GSM, or 2G) to 1.1 Mbps (for HSDPA, or Advanced 3G).
HSPA – High-Speed Packet Access: A
collection of mobile telephony protocols that extend and improve the
performance of existing UMTS protocols. Two standards, HSDPA and HSUPA, have
been established and a further standard, HSOPA, is being proposed. The two
existing standards (HSDPA and HSUPA) in the family provide increased
performance by using improved modulation schemes and by refining the protocols
by which handsets and base stations communicate. These improvements lead to a
better utilization of the existing radio bandwidth provided by UMTS. Typical
download speeds are 550 Kbps to 1.1Mbps.
IMAP -
Internet Messaging Access Protocol 4: IMAP4 is an e-mail service type
that allows you to download only the e-mail subjects, and then select the
messages to download. Also, you can choose to synchronize a folder of messages
as well. Microsoft Exchange supports IMAP4 access to e-mail.
LBS – Location-based services: Data
and directory services tied to GPS or other positioning information. LBS
include white- and yellow-page lookups, business listings, points of interest, and
reviews. LBS are frequently associated with navigation and mapping applications
such as Live Search for Windows Mobile.
MO –
Mobile operator or wireless provider: A telephone company that provides mobile phone voice and data
services.
OEM –
Original equipment manufacturer: Today, the acronym OEM usually refers to a
manufacturer who purchases essential technologies (either hardware or software)
from another maker, and then incorporates them into its own product, which it
then sells to consumers or retailers (thus "re-selling" the other
company's component). For example, Samsung, HTC, and Motorola are considered
OEMs in relation to Microsoft. Those companies purchased a license to
incorporate Windows Mobile into their mobile phones, and then "re-sold"
Windows Mobile in phones with Samsung, HTC, or Motorola brand names.
POP3
- Post Office Protocol 3: The most recent version of a standard protocol for
receiving e-mail. Typically, client software such as Windows Live Hotmail uses
the POP3 protocol to connect to an e-mail server, retrieve all messages, store
them on the user's PC as new messages, delete them from the server, and then
disconnect. In contrast, the newer IMAP e-mail protocol usually leaves messages
on the server, and can offer a continuous connection to the e-mail server. Many
subscribers to individual Internet service provider e-mail accounts access
their e-mail with client software that uses POP3.
SD -
Secure Digital: A flash (non-volatile) memory card format developed by
Matsushita, SanDisk, and Toshiba for use in portable devices. Today it is
widely used in digital cameras, handheld computers, mobile phones, GPS
receivers, and video game consoles. SD card capacities range from 8 MB to 4 GB
and from 4 GB to 32 GB for SDHC cards (as of 2008). SDHC cards require an SDHC
capable device firmware, generally not found with older devices.
SIM - Subscriber Identity Module: A small smart card used in many GSM-based mobile devices to store both
programming and information. SIM cards securely store network-specific information used to authenticate and identify subscribers on a cellular network, including a unique subscriber identifier and authentication key. SMS messages and contacts can also be stored. SIM cards can be moved from phone to phone.
SMS - Short
Message Service: SMS is a communications protocol allowing the interchange of
short text messages between mobile phones. SMS as used on modern handsets was originally defined in the 1980s as
part of the GSM series of standards. It offered a means of sending messages of
up to 160 characters. Today, the character limit still applies, but CDMA and
other networks all offer SMS.
SMTP -
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol: A protocol for sending e-mail messages between
servers. Most e-mail systems that send mail over the Internet use SMTP to send
messages from one server to another; the messages can then be retrieved with an
e-mail client using either POP or IMAP. In addition, SMTP is generally used to
send messages from a mail client to a mail server.
TCP/IP
- Transport Communications Protocol/Internet Protocol: The communications
protocol that Windows Mobile and other operating systems use to communicate to
the Internet, as well as to synchronize via ActiveSync or Windows Mobile Device
Center.
UMTS –
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, also know as WCDMA: A 3G and
Advanced 3G mobile communications technology. UMTS incorporates both W-CDMA and
GSM standards for communications, and was designed as the 3G successor to GSM.
It enables very high-speed data transfer for data-intensive applications. Transmission
rates range from 550 Kbps to 1.1 Mbps.
WiMAX –
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access: A telecommunications technology aimed at providing high-speed wireless data over long distances in a variety of ways, from point-to-point links to full mobile cellular type access. Some cellular companies are evaluating WiMAX as a means of increasing bandwidth for a variety of data-intensive applications. WiMAX is considered a "pre-4G" technology.
WMDC – Windows Mobile Device Center:
An application for Windows Vista that serves the same function as ActiveSync in
Windows XP.